What should you avoid doing with frostbite or frostnip in the field?

Rubbing the area affected by frostbite or frostnip can cause further tissue damage and exacerbate the injury. Frostbite occurs when skin and underlying tissues freeze, leading to ice crystal formation within cells that can cause cell destruction and local inflammation. Gently stimulating the area through rubbing may seem like a way to restore warmth, but it can actually rupture these damaged cells, increasing the risk of more extensive injury and complications, such as infection and necrosis.

In contrast, addressing frostbite appropriately involves carefully rewarming the affected areas using controlled methods, such as immersing them in warm water or using body heat, while ensuring the area is protected from further exposure to cold. Pain management may be important, and covering with sterile dressings can help protect the area from external contaminants and further injury.