In the treatment of a patient with head trauma, which of the following should be avoided?

In the treatment of a patient with head trauma, avoiding hyperventilation is critical. Hyperventilation can lead to a decrease in carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood, resulting in vasoconstriction of cerebral blood vessels. This can significantly reduce cerebral perfusion pressure and impair blood flow to the brain, thereby exacerbating ischemia in an already compromised brain.

Maintaining oxygen saturation above 95% is essential for ensuring adequate oxygen delivery to the brain, which is crucial for recovery and function. Administering high-flow oxygen, particularly in patients who are still breathing adequately, can support oxygenation and help manage potential hypoxia, which is often a concern in cases of head trauma. The use of lidocaine to reduce intracranial pressure (ICP) is not a standard treatment, but in this context, avoiding hyperventilation is emphasized because of its potential adverse effects on cerebral circulation and function.